Quantitative Multilayer Cu(410) Structure and Relaxation Determined by QLEED

Structure and oscillatory multilayer relaxation of the bismuth (100) surface

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the surface structure of single crystal Bi(100) via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low-energy electron diffraction intensity versus energy (LEED-IV) analysis and density functional theory (DFT). We find that the surface is unreconstructed and shows an unusually large oscillatory multilayer relaxation down to the sixth layer. This...

A Quantitative Analysis of the Stress Relaxation Effect of Thermoplastics in Multilayer Substrates

All plastics can be divided into two groups called thermoplastics and thermosets, and each group exhibits very different behaviors. Unlike thermosets, thermoplastics are empirically known by the viscoelastic behavior of the thermoplastic layers; the stress generated by building subsequent layers can be significantly relieved in a multilayer structure. In this study, we quantitatively investigat...

Nanostructure of Materials Determined by Relayed Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement

Particle and domain sizes strongly influence the properties of materials. Here we present an NMR approach based on paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) relayed by spin diffusion (SD), which allows us to determine lengths in the nm-μm range. We demonstrate the method on multicomponent organic polymer mixtures by selectively doping one component with a paramagnetic center in order to measure...

Multilayer relaxation of the Fe{210} surface.

Cardiac structure growth pattern determined by echocardiography.

Using M-mode echocardiography, we measured dimensions of the ventricular walls and cavities, great vessels, and left atrium and atrioventricular valve excursions on 93 infants and children without heart disease. The data were analyzed by relating each dimension in mm to body surface area in m2 and the 90% tolerance limits for the data were calculated. The tolerance lines of the data were wider ...